Carboxylate salts of certain substituted imidazolines



United States Patent 3,452,042 CARBOXYLATE SALTS OF CERTAIN SUBSTITUTED llVlIDAZOLINES Hans S. Mannheimer, 23 Haines Cove Drive, Toms River, NJ. 08753 No Drawing. Filed Aug. 11, 1966, Ser. No. 571,702

Int. Cl. C07d 49/34; Clld US. Cl. 260-309.6 12 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Suuface active agents within the generic formula:

Each R is a hydrocarbon radical of 6-24 carbon atoms; E is hydrogen or Q; Q is an alkyl or hydroxy alkyl radical or 1R (O-R -X; R and R are alkylene or hydroxy alkylene; R is hydrogen or an alkyl radical; and R is alkylene of 1-2 carbon atoms; x is 0-15; y is zero or one; X is $0 M or 080 M; and M is hydrogen or an alkali metal or other cationic equivalent; and methods for producing them by reacting under certain conditions:

wherein m is zero or 1; z is zero or 1 and the sum of m and z is zero or 2; with anionic detergents within the generic formula:

This invention relates to novel compounds and to methods for producing them, and also to novel compositions of matter containing one or more of said compounds as components thereof and also to novel methods for using said compounds and compositions of matter. In one of its more specific aspects the invention is directed to novel salts of certain water soluble, amp hoteric surface active agents, to methods for preparing them and also to novel compositions of matter in which one or more of said salts are components thereof and also to novel methods for using said novel salts and compositions of matter. Said novel and unique salts of this invention may be defined as carboxylate salts of said amphoteric, surface active agents, and are within the following generic formula:

Each R is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon radicals of at least 6 carbon atoms and generally of 6-24 carbon atoms and R is preferably straight or branch chain saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon whose unsaturation is due solely to ethylenic 3,452,042 Patented June 24, 1969 'ice linkage, that is one or more ethylenic linkages therein, R may be alkyl-aryl wherein the alkyl portion is at least 6 carbon atoms and the aryl portion is mononuclear or R may be the hydrocarbon radical of abietic acid; E is selected from the group consisting of (a) hydrogen and Q; Q is selected from the group consisting of (b) alkyl radicals of 1-6 carbon atoms, (c) hydroxy alkyl radicals of 2-6 carbon atoms, (d) alkylene oxide adducts of said hydroxy alkyl radicals and containing 1-15 moles of alkylene oxide of 2-4 carbon atoms per hydroxy group therein and (e) R -(OR X; R is selected from the group consisting of (:f) alkylene groups of -1-4 and preferably 2-4 carbon atoms, (g) hydroxy alkylene groups of 3-4 carbon atoms and (h) alkylene oxide adducts of (g) containing ll5 moles of alkylene oxide per hydroxy group therein; each LR2 is independently selected from the group consisting of (f), (g) and (h); R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl radicals of l-4 carbon atoms; and R is alkylene of 1-2 carbon atoms, examples of which are CHg-,CH-

and CH -CH x is 0-15; y is zero or one; X is $0 M or 080 M; and M is hydrogen or preferably an alkali metal or other cationic equivalent organic or inorganic, including NH etc., and 'for most purposes is sodium or potassium.

I have discovered that said compounds of Formula I could be produced by reacting under certain conditions amphoteric surface active agents within generic formula:

wherein m is zero or 1; z is zero or 1 and the sum of m and z is zero or 2; with anionic detergents within the generic formula:

III

The compounds of Formula HI are prepared by first reacting 1 mole of appropriate diamines with 1 mole of appropriate acids (R-COOH) until 2 moles of water of reaction have been produced and removed whereby imidazoline derivatives are produced. Then the resulting imidazolines are reacted with appropriate agents in the conventional manners toprovide compounds of Formula II. Some of said agents are chlorosulfonic acid, propane sultone, hydroxy propane sultone, chlorethan sulfate, chlor propane sulfonate, brom methane sulfonic acid, chlor methane sulfonate, etc.

The compounds of Formula III include the common soaps (R-COOM) and the sodium salts of amides of certain amino acids produced from said monocarboxylic acids (RCOOH) and said amino acids in the manners known to the art. The compounds of Formula III may be used alone or in admixtures of two or more of them or other admixtures, such as those sold as Lamapon and Maypon, being amides of mixtures of naturally occurring proteins which have been hydrolyzed.

The amphoteric compounds of Formula II are useful as detergent, foaming, wetting, emulgating and emulsifying agents and find application in the fields shampoos and other cosmetics. They are also useful as surface active agents in the field of treating natural and synthetic fibers propriate reagents after which they are reacted with appropriate agents which are sultones, halosulfonic acids, halo organo sulfo compounds, examples of which have been heretofore set forth.

Examples of some of the amino acids from which comin the textile and related fields where they may be empounds of Formula III are produced are beta-alanine ployed as synthetic detergents, dye assistants and (NH CH CH COOH), DL-alpha-alanine and L-alphasofteners. However, they do have the disadvantage of alanine, both represented by the Formula being relatively expensive when compared with common (CH3CH(NHZ) (COOH) soap, of causing a low but some degree of eye stinging 1O and of having a poor hair-lubricity characteristic when Safwslfle a 2 and the Proteln compared with common oaps when used for hair drolyzates which are Il'llXtllI6S of amino acids produced h i by the hydrolysis of naturally occurring proteins.

While the, common soaps are inexpensive and good Some specific examples 0f said reactants employed in cleansing agents, they have certain undesirable charactere production f the novel salts f this invention are of istics, among which are: poor foamability in hard water; la II ShOWn in ;the following table and given y when used for shampooing they sometimes form insoluble way of illustration and not limitation:

R R1 R2 Q X x m+z (1) CnHza CzHa CzHtOH S O 2 (2) C000 CHzCHCHz C2H4OH S O 2 (3) CnHz; CHzCHCHg CzH4OH S 0 2 (4) 01711 C2114 CH2 CHzSOsM s 1 2 (5). C|7H33 C2H4 CzHs S 0 2 C9H 7.CaH4 C2H4 C3115 C3H6S03M S 1 2 Cu 3 C He S O 0 ab 03m s 0 0 (9) CuHz; Cal-Ia 02H; S 1 0 (10) COCO C3Ho OHZCHOH2 S 1 0 (11).-. 011E214 C4115 CzH4 S 1 O (12).. 0 11123 OH2GHCH2 S 0 0 salts with the alkaline earth ions present in the water and Coco is the hydrocarbon radical of coconut fatty acids; these salts deposit on the hair thereby imparting a dull ab is C H the hydrocarbon radical of abietic acid; s appearance thereto and generally require rinses of an is $0 M; and s is 080 M. acidic nature for their removal; are eye stinging, tend to Reactants (1)-(l2) may be produced by reacting 1 precipitate at pH of 7 or below, foam poorly at pH of 6-7. mole of an appropriate acid (RCOOH) with 1 mole of While the amides of said amino acids do exhibit better an appropriate diamine until about 2 moles of water of resistance to hard water when compared with common reaction have been produced. The resultant condensate soaps, they exhibit poor foam and poor foam stability consists essentially of an imidazoline of the following in hard water; they dull hair as do the common soaps but formula: to a lesser extent when used as shampoos; they precipitate out in aqueous media at pH 4.5.

The novel compounds have the following unexpected A combination of properties: they are substantially non- OH; eye-stinging in those concentrations in which appreciable eye-stinging is evidenced with either compounds of II I Formulas II or III; they are better foamers than compounds of Formulas II or III in average or hard water; they have good foam stability; they tolerate the presence of chlorine bleaches; they do not dull hair when used for with Y generally being hydrogen, alkyl of 1-6 carbon shampooing and consequently no special after rinse is atoms or alkylol of 26 carbon atoms. This reaction required; they impart softness and manageability to hair product or condensate is then reacted with appropriate which has been shampooed therewith in ordinary as well sulfates, sulfonates or sultones, with or without having as hard water; they may be used in shampoos and other been first reacted with an alkylene oxide, etc. For excosmetics at pH of 4.5-8.5 and under these conditions are ample, reactant (3) is produced by reacting 1 mole of better foaming agents; they are better detergents for lauric acid with 1 mole of amino ethyl ethanolamine cotton with average or hard water; do not precipitate until about 2 moles of water have been produced; then and at pH as low as 4.5; they are non-irritating to the this reaction product, which is an imidazoline of Formula eyes and skin; they are non-toxic when administered A, with Y being C =H OH and R being C I-I is reacted orally, or parenterally, or intravenously in amazingly with 1 mole of hydroxy propane sultone (US. Patent large doses, as determined on rats and mice. 3,100,779) and the resultant reaction product is treated The fatty acids which may be employed for the prowith an aqueous solution of caustic soda. The same duction of compounds of Formula II are those recited in diamine is used in the production of (2), (1), (4) and my US. Patent 2,781,376 of Feb. 12, 1957 and some of (6) and the diamine employed in the production of (5) the diamines which may be used are those diamines is NH C H NHC H and that employedinthe production recited in said patent as well as others such as ethylene of (7)(l2) is NH C H NH In the production of (4) diamine, etc. The condensates produced by the reaction and (6), 2 moles of appropriate sultone or sulfonate of said fatty acid with diamines may or may not be furper mole of the organic acid-diamine condensate or adther reacted to provide alkaline oxide adducts or other apduct thereof were used.

Specific examples of some reactants of Formula III given by way of illustration and not limitation are the sodium and potassium soaps of stearic, coconut, oleic, palmitic, lauric, lineoleic, abietic acids and and those compounds of Formula III when y is 1 .and specifically Maypon and Lamapon and the amides produced by reacting sarcosine, beta-alanine, said alphaalanines .and protein hydrolyzates with the aforesaid acids.

The compounds of Formula I are prepared by adding 1-3 moles of (a) one or a combination of two or more compounds of Formula II and 1-3 moles of (b) one or a combination of two or more compounds of Formula III into a quantity of water under agitation and measuring about 1 /2 times the combined weight of (a) and (b). While being constantly stirred, the pH of the resulting solution is adjusted to about -11 by the addition of sufiicient aqueous solution of caustic soda (50% conc.). The solution is heated to about 50-60 C. and maintained .at that temperature while there is slowly added thereto, with stirring, an aqueous solution of an acidic agent such as phosphoric, citric, hydrochloric, hydroxyacetic, etc. until the pH thereof is lowered to about 8 or below as for example about 7.5, whereby the compounds of Formula I are produced and are present in solutes in the resulting solutions.

Each of said individual specific compounds of Formula II, reactants (1)-(12), is reacted in the manner heretofore described, with each of the specific compounds of Formula III before set forth to provide literally hundreds of different compounds of Formula I whose structural formulas will be obvious to those skilled in the art in view of the previous description. However, their formulas are hereinafter described merely for further illustration.

The reaction products of (7)-(12) and said soaps (R-COONa) are of Formula I with the R, R R X and x of the amphoteric portion thereof being as defined in the table, E being hydrogen and the R of the car- 'boxylate portions being the hydrocarbon radicals of said soaps.

The reaction products of (7)-( 12) and the C H coco, rz as, 31 n za, 1'7 31 m zs and C H -C H amides of sarcosine, beta-alanine, said alphaalanines, Maypon and Lamapon are of the Formula I, with the R, R R X .and x of the amphoteric portions thereof being defined in the table, B being hydrogen and the R of the carboxylate portions thereof, wherein y is 1, being those above set forth.

The reaction products of (l)(6) and said soaps (R-COONa) are of Formula I, with the R, R R X and x of the amphoteric portions thereof being as defined in the table, and R of the carboxylate portions being the hydrocarbon radicals of said soaps. In this reaction the OH groups attached directly the nitrogen of the amphoteric combines with the M of the soaps or the fatty acids thereof to form an MOH by-product of reaction and the carboxylate groups attach directly to said nitrogen. In like manner reaction products of (1)-(6) and said amides are produced.

The foregoing hundreds of specific compounds are examples of some of the compounds of the present invention and are given by way of illustration and not limitation. Some of them are representative of the present invention and were subjected to various tests whereby unusual and unexpected properties and combinations of properties of compounds of Formula I were discovered.

Some of the representative and preferred compounds of Formula I other than those hereinafter set forth are those wherein each of the Rs thereof is independently selected from the group consisting of C H C H C H and coconut fatty acids, and wherein R is either 6 hydrogen or methyl and R is either CH CH2-CH2 or OH in. or the carboxylate radical may be the mixed amides of Lamapon or Maypon, or those wherein y is zero.

Besides having the unexpected combinations of properties heretofore set forth, said compounds of Formula I were compared with corresponding compounds produced by reacting compounds of Formula III with compounds which were the same as those of Formula II except that the $0 M and the 080 M groups thereof were replaced by COOM groups. It was found that the resulting compounds, which were carboxylate salts of amphoteric car- -boxylates, were eye-stinging and therefore were not suitable for use as components in non-eye-stinging shampoos. In testing the various compounds of Formula I at .2% concentration using the conventional Ross-Miles test, I was startled to observe that the compound produced 19 crns. of foam, which represented approximately at least 50% greater foam than that obtainable with other compounds, except those of Formula I, which I had previously produced.

In the production of the reactant (1) one mole of the imidazoline, used for the production thereof, is reacted with 1 mole of propane sultone and treated with aqueous caustic soda.

In the production of reactant (4), 1 mole of the imidazoline produced by reacting stearic acid and aminoethyl ethanol amine was reacted with 2 moles of the halogen CH SO M and aqueous solution of caustic soda. In this reaction the amine nitrogen was quaternized by the addition of the CH SO M and OH groups thereto and the C H OH group was reacted to be converted to the C H OCH SO M group.

In the production of reactant (6), 1 mole of the same imidazoline as before described except that C H -C H group is substituted for C H was reacted with 2 moles of propane sultone and caustic soda. In this reaction the amine nitrogen was quaternized by the addition of the C H SO M and OH groups thereto and the C H OH group was reacted to be converted to C H OC H SO M.

In the production of reactants (1), (2) and (3) due to the greater reactivity of the amine nitrogen when compared with that of the OH group of the fatty-acid-amino ethyl ethanol amine imidazoline, the sultone reactants obviously first form therewith inner salts thereof.

In the production of reactants (7) to (12), derived from fatty-acid-ethylene diamine (NH C H NH imidazolines, the imidazolines used all have an amine nitrogen which is highly reactive and due to its presence 1 mole of propane sultone or allyl sulfonic acid, and hydroxy propane sultone respectively combine with 1 mole thereof in the production of (7), (8) and (12) and 1 mole of allyl oxyethyl, allyl oxypropanol and methallyl oxyethyl sulfonic acids respectively combine with 1 mole thereof in the production of (9)(11). If desired 2 moles of said allyl compounds may be used and if used, quaternary compounds are produced and are the same as (8)( 12) except that each now has a Q which C H SO M, C H OC H SO M,

C H OC H SO M or when desired, available halo R X,

halo R (OR X agents may be used in the production of reactants II.

It is to be understood that compounds of Formulas II and III other than those specifically before set forth may be reacted in the manner heretofore described to provide additional compounds of Formula I. It is also to be understood that while M is preferably sodium or potassium, hydrogen as well as ammonium are equivalents thereof as are those other cation equivalents from amines for example such as amino ethyl amine, etc. It is also to be understood that R, R R R R Q, X, M, x and y as they occur throughout this entire description are as first defined.

It is further to be understood that the following claims are intended to cover all the generic and specific features of the invention herein described and all statements of the invention which as a matter of language might be said to fall therebetween.

I claim:

1. A compound within the generic formula:

C II;

CH2 E each R is of 6-24 carbon atoms and is independently selected from the group consisting of saturated and unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons whose unsaturation is due solely to ethylenic linkage, alkyl-phenyl hydrocarbons wherein the alkyl portion is at least 6 carbon atoms and the hydrocarbon radical of abietic acid; E is selected from the group consisting of (a) hydrogen and Q; Q is selected from the group consisting of (b) alkyl radicals of 1-6 carbon atoms, (c) hydroxy alkyl radicals of 2-6 carbon atoms, and (d) R (OR X; R is selected from the group consisting of (e) alkylene groups of 14 carbon atoms and (f) hydroxy alkylene groups of 3-4 carbon atoms; each R is independently selected from the group consisting of (e) and (f); R is alkyl of 1-4 carbons or H; R; is alkylene of 1-2 carbon atoms; x is -15; y is zero or one; X is SO M or 050 M; and M is hydrogen or an alkali metal.

2. A compound according to claim 1, R is hydrogen, R is CH -CII and y is l.

3. A compound according to claim 1, R is hydrogen, R4 is and y is 1.

4. A compound according to claim 1, R is CH R is CH and y is l.

5. A compound according to claim 1, y is Zero.

6. A compound according to claim 1, E is C H OH.

7. A compound according to claim 6, R is hydrogen, R is CH CH and y is 1.

8. A compound according to claim 6, R is hydrogen, R4 is (I311 CH3 and y is 1.

9. A compound according to claim 6, R is CH R is CH and y is l.

10. A compound according to claim 1, E is C H OH, R1 is om-on-om x is zero and X is $0 M.

11. A compound according to claim 10, y is zero. 12. A compound according to claim 10, each R is C11H23, R3 is (21'13, R4 iS CH2 and y is 1.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,781,349 2/1957 Mannheimer 260309.6 2,781,350 2/1957 Mannheimer 260309.6 2,781,351 2/ 1957 Mannheimer 260309.6 3,231,580 1/1966 Mannheimer 260-309.6 3,231,581 1/ 1966 Mannheimer 260309.6

OTHER REFERENCES Smith: The Chemistry of Open-Chain organic Nitrogen Compounds, vol. II, pp. 10-11 New York, Benjamin (1966), published Jan. 19, 1966.

HENRY R. JILES, Primary Examiner.

N. TROUSOF, Assistant Examiner.

US. Cl. X.R. 

